Table 13.7: Scoping of wider determinants of health

Determinant	Commentary	Proposed scope
Access
A1 Access to local public and key services and facilities	The nature of the Proposed Scheme is unlikely to affect provision of local public and key services and facilities temporarily or permanently. Access issues relating to accessibility and connectivity are discussed below under the theme of traffic and transport.	It is proposed to consider access in relation to impacts on traffic and transport only (see scope for T6 and T7).
A2 Access to good quality affordable housing	The land use and accessibility assessment will assess impacts on residential property. However, the Proposed Scheme will not have a significant influence on the availability of good quality affordable housing, which is influenced more by housing policy and market demand, and so no likely significant population level health effects from the Proposed Scheme are anticipated.	Scoped out for construction and operation.
A3 Access to healthy affordable food	It is not anticipated that the Proposed Scheme will significantly influence access to healthy affordable food, therefore this is not considered a likely significant effect.	Scoped out for construction and operation.
A4 Access to the natural environment	The Proposed Scheme is within both urban and rural landscapes and has the potential to affect access in the local vicinity. The Proposed Scheme has the potential to affect access between settlements and the countryside via public footpaths and local roads. There are also a number of open green spaces that sit within the urban environmental surrounding the Proposed Scheme to which access could potentially be affected. This includes access to outdoor recreational facilities, including parks, playing fields and cycleways.	Scoped in for construction and operation. It is proposed to assess potential health impacts by considering these determinants together under ‘access to the natural environment and outdoor recreation’
A5 Access to the natural environment within the urban environment
A6 Access to leisure, recreation and physical activities within the urban and natural environment
Traffic and transport
T1 Accessibility	The Proposed Scheme has the potential to affect some pedestrian routes and roads at least temporarily. Further investigation is required to understand if there are existing barriers to accessibility and if so, whether there are opportunities to address these through the Proposed Scheme design.	Scoped in for construction and operation. It is proposed to assess this under ‘accessibility for walking and cycling’ (to combine the determinants T1, T3 and T4 due the interrelated nature of these issues).
T2 Access to/by public transport	The existing M60, M62 and M66 are not used to access bus services. While there is potential for disruption to bus services during construction due to traffic management, bus providers have the option of re-routing services and overall provision of services would remain unchanged by the Proposed Scheme. The Proposed Scheme is also unlikely to affect the provision of both bus and tram services within the Study Area. This is therefore not considered a likely significant population health effect.	Scoped out for construction and operation.
T3 Opportunities for access by cycling and walking	There may be opportunities to improve provision for walkers and cyclists as a result of the Proposed Scheme, including improving highway crossing provision opportunities. Access on some routes may be disrupted during construction.	Scoped in for construction and operation. It is proposed to assess this as under ‘accessibility for walking and cycling’ (to combine the determinants T1, T3 and T4 due the interrelated nature of these issues).
T4 Links between communities	The existing motorways linking to the M60 J18 limit links between the communities of Simister, Unsworth, Whitefield/Besses o’ th’ Barn and Prestwich and Kirkhams to a small number of crossing points (see Table 13.4). It is not anticipated there would be any significant impact on these links, except in relation to potential for improvements to accessibility for walkers, cyclists and horse riders as identified under T1 and T3.	Scoped in for construction and operation. It is proposed to assess this under ‘accessibility, walking and cycling’ (to combine the determinants T1, T3 and T4 due the interrelated nature of these issues).
T5 Community severance	The Proposed Scheme has the potential to influence traffic flows on the wider road network, some of which may result in increases or alleviation of community severance. Further information is required to investigate the locations of changes to traffic flows and whether changes are of a scale that may affect existing levels of severance or cause new severance. It is proposed to assess this for operational traffic flows only. There is also potential to address existing severance through inclusion of new safe crossing points that would help re-connect community networks and support community cohesion. Since community severance and social cohesion are considered longer-term issues, it is proposed to assess this during the operational phase only. Potential disruption to community access from construction activities will be considered under ‘accessibility for walking and cycling’ and ‘connections to employment, services, facilities and leisure’.	Scoped in for operation.
T6 Connections to jobs	The construction phase of the Proposed Scheme has the potential to disrupt connectivity. Once in operation there is potential for improved ease of access between communities and employment, services and leisure opportunities as a result of improvements to road, cycling and pedestrian infrastructure.	Scoped in for construction and operation. It is proposed the assess T6 and T7 together under the combined determinant ‘connections to employment, services, facilities and leisure’.
T7 Connections to services, facilities and leisure opportunities
Socioeconomic
S1 Employment opportunities including training opportunities	The Proposed Scheme may generate employment or training opportunities associated with the construction phase of works. If appropriately targeted, these opportunities could address some health inequalities. Social value opportunities will be explored for consideration as part of the Proposed Scheme. As a highway project, the Proposed Scheme will not generate many direct employment opportunities in operation and so this is not a likely significant effect on population health.	Scoped in for construction only.
S2 Local business activity	The Proposed Scheme is unlikely to affect local business activity, no businesses are required to be demolished.	Scoped out for construction and operation.
S3 Regeneration	Facilitating regeneration is not a direct objective of the Project, and the population and health baseline has not identified any potential regeneration areas within the study area for land use and access.	Scoped out for construction and operation.
S4 Tourism and leisure industries	The tourism and leisure industry is not identified as a key industry within the study area and the Proposed Scheme is unlikely to greatly influence this area of the economy. Therefore, this is not considered a likely significant issue for population health in the study area.	Scoped out for construction and operation.
S5 Community/social cohesions and access to social networks	The main pathway between the Proposed Scheme and effects on this determinant would be via accessibility, pedestrian interaction, links between communities and community severance as scoped under T1, T3, T4 and T5 above.	It is proposed to consider community/social cohesions and access to social networks as part of the assessment of accessibility, walking and cycling, and community severance.
S6 Community engagement	Consultation and stakeholder engagement will be undertaken as part of the Proposed Scheme but it is unlikely that there will be any impacts on community engagement as part of the construction and operation of the Proposed Scheme.	Scoped out for construction and operation.
Land Use
L1 Land use in urban and/or rural settings	The land use and accessibility assessment will assess impacts on existing land use due to the footprint of the Proposed Scheme. However, the impacts are likely to be relatively localised to the existing interchange area and not likely to result in a likely significant effect in terms of population health, over and above the issues scoped in above such as access to outdoor recreation for local communities.	Scoped out for construction and operation.
L2 Quality of urban and natural environments	The Proposed Scheme has the potential to increase or decrease exposure of local communities to air and noise pollution, as well as access to areas of greenspace. .	Scoped in for construction and operation.